Hot-water boiler.



.F. J. WALLING,

HOT WATER BOILER.

APPLICATION HLED OCT. 1.7, 19l4.

1 71,634, Patented July 9, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

WIT/VESj'Eb lNVENTOR F W0///'/7 Br 11/; ATTO/ ?NEKS F.' J. WALLING.

HOT WATER BOILER.

APPLlCATION FILED ocr. 17. 1914.

1 ,9? 1,63% ?atented July 9, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

F. J. WALLiNG.

HOT WATER BOILER. APPLICATION FILED OCT. II. I914.

Patented July 9, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

F. J. WALLENG.

HOT WATER BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 1?. 1914.

1 ,2? 1 ,634. Patented July 9, 1918.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4 E AU? n a/ifi 5) H15 ATTQRNEYJ w/r/vsssss arm Q 3K 4( FREDERICK J'. WALLING, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

HOT-\VATEB. BOILER.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 9, 1918.

Application filed October 1'7, 1914. Serial No. 867,126.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK J. WALL- ING, a citizen of the United States, residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hot- Water Boilers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to hot water and steam boilers, and more particularly, to boilers for use in heating systems, and generally stated, has for its object to provide a boiler made up of cast sections having all of the advantages of a return flue tubular boiler of the locomotive or fire box type, wherein wrought iron or steel fiues are used in connection with flue sheets, but which is free from the various inherent defects found in boilers of the latter noted character.

Boilers of the above latter noted type have a well known very high efficiency, and when given the best of care by Way of frequent cleaning, etc., and when they are kept in use and protected against rust, have a fairly long operative life, but at best, not a great length of life. fiues, however, even under the best of care, are easily burned-out, and when not given the best of care, deteriorate and giv out very quickly. Vvrought iron and steel, as is well known, will rust out very rapidly. Furthermore, boilers having the wrought or steel tubes are expensive to construct.

Boilers used in connection with house heating plants, and heating plants in apartment houses, flats, and the like, are not usu ally given much if any care. They are seldom given the attention of an expert engineer or fireman, and hence should be of cast metal which will neither rust out rapidly, nor burn out easily, and which, furthermore, is of comparatively small firstcost, to meet the demand of the trade. My invention provides a cast metal boiler of the highly desirable type above generally indicated.

lVrought or steel My improved boiler is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like characters indicate like parts throughout the several views. Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 shows the improved boiler in front elevation;

Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section taken through the boiler approximately on the line 00 x on Fig. 3;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken from front to rear of the boiler on the line m :0 on Fig. 2;

Fig. 1 is a plan View of the boiler with some parts broken away;

Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken through the boiler from front to rear on the line 00 m on Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a rear view ofthe boiler with some parts broken away; and

Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 are perspective views showing in detail the elements of the boiler proper, some parts of Figs. 8, 10 and 11 being broken away, and some parts thereof being sectioned.

The numerals 1, 2, 3, 4: and 5, indicate,as entiretiesthe main elements or sections of the boiler. First note particularly Figs. 7 to 11, inclusive. All of these elements are hollow structures cast in the form of thin shells, and each thereof, in the preferred construction, is made up of two similar independently cast right and left subsections,

each subsection constituting a complete chamber, and the said subsections having coincident lugs 6 adapting them to be rigidly secured together by suitable bolts 7.

The element or section 1 affords a water jacketed fire box, and is advisably mounted upon a base shell 8 that affords an ash pit and is provided at its front end with a suitable door 9 and draft damper 10. Both the outer and inner side plates of the fire pot element 1 diverge upwardly, and the latter are formed with upwardly tapering laterally spaced corrugations or hollow ribs 11, the inner edges of which are preferably approximately vertical. At its front end, the said fire pot element 1 is formed-with a fuel said fire pot 1. When the elements shown 1n F lgs. 7 to 11, inclusive, are assembled, as shown in the other views of the drawings, the element of section 2 is placed on top of the element 1.

the section 3 is placed on top of section 2, the section 4 is placed on top of the section 3, and the section 5 is placed on top of the section 4,

The chambers of the overlying subsections of the several sections, or elements, are connected in zigzag order alternated from front to rear ends by suitable coupling nipples 14: (see Fig. 3), that are applied in coincident perforations 15 (see Figs. 7 to 11, inclusive). At obliquely opposite front and rear corners, the. several sections 1 to 5, inclusive, are provided with laterally projecting alined lugs 16 (see particularly Figs. 7 to 11, inclusive), through which short nut-equipped bolts 17 are applied, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 6.

This oblique arrangement of the said lugs and bolts, ties together the several sections or elements in such waythat they cannot be strained or cracked by expansion and contraction. In connecting the sections, cement or suitable packing is placed between the marginal'portions thereof, in a manner well understood.

That portion of the lower plate of the section 2 which overlies the fire pot, is formed with deep longitudinal corrugations 2 that very greatly increase the surface exposed to the heat. The horizontal water chamber of the said section 2 is terminated short of the rear water chamber thereof, to form a plurality of the passages 18 for the flames, or products of combustion, between the rear ends of the corrugations 2 and between the rear ends of the upwardly extended corrugations 2 extended from the said top plate.

The section 3 is formed with-a hollow marginal portion, a hollow central portion, and upper and lower corrugations 3 and 3, respectively, and it is formed also between said corrugations with vertical front and rear end flame passages 3 and 3 The internal construction of the section 4: is like that of the above described section 3. The lower corrugations 3 of the section 3 aline with the upper corrugations 2 of the sections 2, while the upper corrugations 3 aline with the lower corrugations 4 of the section 4:. The front and rear flame passages of the said section a are indicated at 4 and a The top section 5, as shown, has a flat top plate, but on its bottom is provided with subsections of the upper section 5.-

hollow corrugations or ribs 5 that aline with the corrugations 4 of the said section 4:.

The above described corrugations 2 and 3 cooperate to afford return flues 19; the corrugations 3 and 4a cooperate to afford return flues 20, and the corrugations 4 and 5 cooperate to aflord return flues 21. All of these return flues open at the ends of the sections, into a chamber 22 formed in a clean-out door 23 that is normally closed, but which, when opened, affords access to the flues, so that they may be readily cleaned.

Near their upper ends, the chambers in the subsections of the upper section 5 lead to a larger flame passage 24, which in turn opens into a smoke elbow or hood 25',- applied thereto but preferably thereon.

Preferably, the compartments, of the subsections of the upper and lower sections 1 and 5 are connected at the rear ends by coupling larly Figs. 5 and 6).

In Figs. 1 and 2, cold water return pipes 28 are shown as connected to bosses 29 on the swiveled lower rear end portions of the subsection 1, and hot water feed pipes 30 are shown as extended frombosses 31 on the tops of the In Figs. 2, 4, and 5, the numeral 32 indicates a hollow cast steel constituting a tankheater and suitably nipples 26 and 27 (see particu-- which is placed in the rear end of the fire pot section 1, and is provided with a cold water return pipe 33 and a hot water feed pipe 34, both of which are extendedthrough suitable integral sleeves in the rear end' portion of said fire pot.

The boiler above described, has avery high heating efiiciency, and resulting economy in the use of fuel. The coal in the fire box will, of course, quite closely pack itself against the corrugated hollow ribs 11, but, nevertheless, the said ribs, especially in their angles, tend to keepopen draft passages for the upward moving currents of air, so that the combustion will be intense adjacent to the corrugated inner walls of the said fire box. The flame, or products of combustion; rise directly upward against and in contact with the corrugations 2 of the section 2. A great amount of heat is, therefore, directly and immediately conducted to the water through the extended surface afforded by the said corrugations. The flames at the rear of the fire box pass upward through the flame passages 18, 3 and 41 and are divided and passed forward through the return flues 19, 20 and 21, and finally, passed to the smoke'hood or elbow 25 through the passages 3 i and 2 1. Throughout the'above described travel of the flames or products of combustion, clearly indicated by arrows in Fig. 5, the said flames are in direct contact with thewalls of the water conduits, through which conduits the water passes in a zigzag source indicated by arrows on Fig. 3, by reference to which it will be noted that the water has a long travel,

alternately forward and rearward on its way through the sections of the boiler. Furthermore, by reference, particularly, to the cross section shown in Fig. 2, it will be noted that the water conduits are given such a zigzag cross section that its radiating or heat absorbing surface is made very great, and it is, in effect provided with a multiplicity of channels giving the said water channel substantially all of the advantages of water tubes, without the inherent efl'ects thereof.

The boiler described is capable of being increased in capacity by adding one or more sections corresponding to the intermediate sections 2 and 3, and of course, could be decreased in capacity by omitting one of the said sections.

In large size boilers, the so-called sections or units of the boiler are preferably made up of connected subsections, but smaller size boilers would preferably have integral or one-part sections or units.

What I claim is:

1. A boiler made up of hollow cast sections formed with cooperating corrugations with intervening flame passages affording return fines and intervening water conduits, each of said sections being made up of two connected subsections, said sections and subsections having connecting conduits for the circulation of water therethrough, cold water returns leading to the two lowest subsections, and hot water feed pipes leading from the two upper subsections.

2. A boiler made up of hollow cast sections formed with cooperating corrugations with intervening flame passages aflording return flues and intervening water conduits, each of said sections being made up of two connected su bsections, a water conducting coupling connecting the two lowest subsections, and a water conducting coupling connecting the two upper subsections, said sections and subsections having connecting conduits for the circulation of water therethrough.

3. A boiler made up of hollow cast sections formed with cooperating corrugations with intervening flame passages aflordi'ng return flues and intervening water conduits, each of said sections being made up of two connected subsections, cold water returns leading to the two lowest subsections, hot water feed pipes leading from the two upper subsections, a water conducting coupling connecting the two lowest subsections, and a water conducting coupling connecting the two upper subsections, said sections and subsections having connecting conduits for the circulation of water therethrough.

4. A boiler made up of hollow cast sections formed with cooperating corrugations with intervening flame passages affording return flues and intervening water conduits, the lowermost of said sections constituting a fire pot and having hollow inwardly projecting vertical hollow ribs with intervening air passages, the bottom plate of the second section from bottom being formed with longitudinal corrugations exposed to the direct flames from the fire pot, and increasing the surface in contact with the water contained therein.

5. A boiler made up of hollow cast sections, the lower of which constitutes a water jacketed fire pot, and the intermediate of which sections have longitudinal upper and lower corrugations cooperating to afford return flues, the said intermediate flues having vertical flame passages extended through the rear portions thereof, and all but the lower section having a flame passage near its front extremity, and the said upper section having a smoke outlet passage opening through its upper portion, the water chambers of the said sections being connected at alternate ends so that the water follows a zigzag course upward through the several sections.

6. A boiler made up of hollow cast sections, the lower of which constitutes a water jacketed fire pot, the intermediate of which sections have longitudinal upper and lower corrugations cooperating to afford return flues, the said intermediate flues having vertical flame passages extended through the rear portions thereof, and all but the lower section having a flame passage near its front extremity, the said upper section having a smoke outlet passage opening through its upper portion, the water chambers of the said sections being connected at alternate ends so that the water follows a zigzag course upward through the several sections, each of said sections comprising two subsections, cold water return pipes leading to the lower subsections, and hot water feed pipes leading from the upper subsections.

7. A boiler made up of hollowcast sections, the lower of which constitutes a water jacketed fire pot, the intermediate of which sections have longitudinal upper and lower corrugations cooperating to afford return flues, the said intermediate fiues having vertical flame passages extended through the rear portions thereof, and all but the lower section having a flame passage near its front extremity, the said upper section having a smoke outlet passage opening through its upper portion, the water chambers of the said sections being connected at alternate ends so that the water follows a zigzag course upward through the several sections,

each of said sections comprising tWo subsec- In testimony whereof I afliX m signature tions, cold Water return pipes leading to the in presenoeof tWo' witnes'ses';j lower subsections, hot Water feed pipes lead ing from the upper subsections, and the said FREDERICK A 5 lower section constituting a fire pot and the Witnesses:

side Walls thereof having hollow inwardly HARRY 'D.'KILGORE,"

projecting corrugations. F ANK MERCHANT.-

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents;

' Washington, D. 0. 

